https://phys.org/science-news/ en-us The latest science news on archaeology, fossils, mathematics, and science technology from Phys.org New research by Flinders University researchers, conducted in partnership with the River Murray and Mallee Aboriginal Corporation (RMMAC), has documented ancient archaeological sites on the cliff-tops in the region between Morgan and Overland Corner in South Australia. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-cliff-sites-ancient-aboriginal-heritage.html Archaeology Thu, 07 Nov 2024 17:16:02 EST news650222161 Blistering heat, freezing cold, and overflowing sewage water: These were the living conditions that formerly incarcerated people in Colorado said they suffered inside the state's prisons and jails. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-prisons-fall-short-incarcerated-climate.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 16:44:05 EST news650220241 Archaeologists documenting tens of thousands of rock art motifs in the Colombian Amazon have been consulting with Indigenous elders and ritual specialists to help interpret their meaning. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-indigenous-elders-ritual-specialists-ancient.html Archaeology Thu, 07 Nov 2024 16:21:04 EST news650218861 The use of nuclear weapons is a red line that most Americans never again want to see crossed, according to a new survey from the Human Security Lab at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Eighty-three percent of Americans surveyed—both among the general population and military-trained personnel (active-duty and veterans)—say it should never be legally permissible to launch another nuclear strike against a civilian populated area. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-survey-nuclear-taboo-strong-americans.html Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 15:28:03 EST news650215681 The largest and longest-lasting society formed by people who escaped slavery and their descendants endured for a century in northeastern Brazil, and it continues to be a potent political symbol of Black pride today. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign history professor Marc Hertzman wrote about the settlement and how memories of it survive in his book, "After Palmares: Diaspora, Inheritance, and the Afterlives of Zumbi." https://phys.org/news/2024-11-history-brazil-longest-maroon-society.html Other Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 15:27:03 EST news650215621 Researchers at University of Tsukuba have demonstrated that the current accommodations for examinees with blindness for examinations such as those related to admissions are inadequate, particularly for examinations requiring the reading of complex tables. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-current-accommodations-students-fully.html Education Thu, 07 Nov 2024 15:17:03 EST news650215022 Donald Trump will return to the White House having set out his foreign policy approach for the next four years. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-china-trump-beijing-react.html Economics & Business Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 14:51:29 EST news650213485 Recent elections, G20 summits, and CEO pay scandals have brought inequality to the forefront of the news. Economists often point out that decisions on, say, tax policy in this arena depend on society's—and individuals'—attitudes to inequality and fairness. But how you feel about a given inequality depends on how it affects you. Behavioral economics has traditionally examined two perspectives: stakeholders who are directly affected and spectators who view the issue impartially. While research has shown how people react to injustices they experience, studies of spectators reveal how people's principles drive their support for inequality-mitigating actions. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-shoppers-inequality.html Economics & Business Thu, 07 Nov 2024 13:24:53 EST news650208286 Friends play an essential role in everyone's life, offering companionship and a safe space to share personal thoughts and feelings. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-friends-family-surrogates-unmarried-african.html Social Sciences Thu, 07 Nov 2024 13:00:01 EST news650206503 A study in the International Journal of Economics and Business Research, looks at the part digital transformation has played in improving efficiency in financial systems across Jordan's public shareholding industrial companies. Information and communications technology has changed industries around the world and continues to do so. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-digital-jordanian-fintech.html Economics & Business Thu, 07 Nov 2024 12:55:20 EST news650206516 Being a religious leader means wearing many different hats. At times, their congregations expect them to convey passionate confidence—to be models of faith and strength. But wise leadership also means listening and being willing to change your mind: from navigating a congregation in crisis to questioning once-firm beliefs. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-religions-humility-hard-clergy.html Social Sciences Thu, 07 Nov 2024 12:53:51 EST news650206426 In 79 CE, the active volcanic system in southern Italy known as Somma-Vesuvius erupted, burying the small Roman town of Pompeii and everyone in it. The "Pompeii eruption" covered everything in a layer of ash that preserved many of the bodies. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-dna-evidence-rewrites-histories-people.html Archaeology Thu, 07 Nov 2024 12:10:07 EST news650203801 Criminal behavior in Toronto's crime hot spots is higher on weekends and holidays, according to a new study from the University of Waterloo and supported by the International Space University based in France. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-toronto-crime-spikes-weekends-holidays.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 11:25:21 EST news650201117 Online, people predicted the 2024 US election would be Roevember. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-abortion-play-big-role-election.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 11:23:26 EST news650200993 Central to Australia's cultural and political identity is the notion of a "fair go." But recent elections, including in the United States, have highlighted the challenge of maintaining shared norms and support for institutions when many voters don't believe they're getting a "fair go." https://phys.org/news/2024-11-australians-inequality-high-faith-democratic.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 10:13:15 EST news650196784 Over the past 15 years, the Housing First approach has gained traction as an evidence-based solution to tackling homelessness in many developed countries, including Canada. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-housing-approach-struggled-fulfill-homelessness.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Thu, 07 Nov 2024 10:12:05 EST news650196721 As sport and politics are ever more intertwined in 2024, so too are the number of nations and organizations turning to "sportswashing." https://phys.org/news/2024-11-sport-fans-team-league-sportswashed.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 10:10:09 EST news650196601 The Ice Age camp site of Gönnersdorf on the banks of the Rhine has revealed a groundbreaking discovery that sheds new light on early fishing practices. New imaging methods have allowed researchers to see intricate engravings of fish on ancient schist plaquettes, accompanied by grid-like patterns that are interpreted as depictions of fishing nets or traps. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-oldest-depictions-fishing-ice-age.html Archaeology Thu, 07 Nov 2024 09:30:09 EST news650194201 A pit of human bones, potential evidence of a catastrophic epidemic that struck Constantinople in 541 A.D. Sulfur deposits trapped in polar ice, showing traces of a series of massive volcanic eruptions. For Brandon McDonald, these seemingly incongruous findings—one in Turkey, the other in Greenland—hold clues to a puzzle about the interplay of environment and disease. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-qa-ancient-roman-plagues-environmental.html Archaeology Thu, 07 Nov 2024 09:14:06 EST news650193241 Rural and urban. Blue and white collar. College and high school educated. There are many so-called "divides" in American politics. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-election-trump-voters-friends-family.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 09:11:04 EST news650193061 Associate professor Jayanth Narayanan has published research showing that the 2020 presidential election caused a noticeable shift in public perception of the "ideal" leader. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-leaders-flux.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 07 Nov 2024 08:07:14 EST news650189228 Asset owners who control substantial capital in the financial system through pension funds, endowments, foundations, and individual holdings can play a crucial role in driving investments in climate change mitigation, according to a new Yale School of the Environment study. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-asset-owners-investment-climate-mitigation.html Economics & Business Wed, 06 Nov 2024 16:36:03 EST news650133361 Companies are debating whether to look to teleworking or a mass return to the office, while a number of studies have focused on the advantages and disadvantages of teleworking. Recent research by the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), published in the journal International Journal of Manpower, offers a new approach and analyzes this issue according to how employees themselves perceive remote work. Its results can help companies to better organize their management and increase employee satisfaction. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-teleworkers-realistic-ambivalent-enthusiastic.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Wed, 06 Nov 2024 16:23:04 EST news650132582 Prioritizing unique and more educated applicants for temporary work visas, employers play a central but understudied role in the U.S. immigration bureaucracy, with implications for careers and American innovation, new Cornell research finds. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-employers-sway-immigration-bureaucracy.html Economics & Business Political science Wed, 06 Nov 2024 15:19:27 EST news650128763 An international group of researchers led by the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria have uncovered the earliest evidence of Ephedra use from the charred remains of the plant in a 15,000-year-old human burial site in northeastern Morocco. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-earliest-evidence-ephedra-year-moroccan.html Archaeology Wed, 06 Nov 2024 14:55:14 EST news650127310 University of Michigan researchers have added a new dimension to the mathematics used to predict the outcomes of all manner of competitions, including sports, games and social hierarchies in both humans and animals. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-shallow-sports-deep-social-hierarchies.html Mathematics Social Sciences Wed, 06 Nov 2024 14:00:01 EST news650106241 A study from Queen Mary University of London reveals that the music and soundscapes used in toy commercials are reinforcing rigid gender norms, shaping the way children perceive masculinity and femininity. The research uncovers how gender stereotypes are not only conveyed through visuals and language but are also deeply embedded in the sound and music used in advertisements targeted at children. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-soundtracks-toy-ads-gender-stereotypes.html Social Sciences Wed, 06 Nov 2024 14:00:01 EST news650108867 The effectiveness of national voluntary programs asking companies to pledge to lower their pollution and greenhouse gas emissions depends on pressure from the public, according to a new study led by a Penn State researcher. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-pressure-companies-environmental-impact.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Wed, 06 Nov 2024 13:12:04 EST news650121117 Families purchased more school lunches and breakfasts the year after the federal government toughened nutritional standards for school meals. A new University of California, Davis, study suggests that families turned to school lunches after the Obama administration initiative was in effect to save time and money and take advantage of more nutritious options. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-families-school-meals-federal-nutrition.html Economics & Business Political science Wed, 06 Nov 2024 13:11:49 EST news650121096 Are we only seeing the kind of news we want to see on social media? What effects do personalized algorithms have on our perception of news quality? Do algorithms help us serendipitously encounter information that we didn't expect? These are the questions researchers are now asking as AI and algorithms infiltrate the information environments we turn to for political news. https://phys.org/news/2024-11-quantity-quality-xtwitter-algorithm-consumption.html Social Sciences Political science Wed, 06 Nov 2024 13:11:37 EST news650121091